A vertebral compression fracture (VCF) occurs when one of the bones in the spine collapses or compresses, often due to weak, brittle bones. These fractures can lead to sudden, sharp back pain and loss of height or posture, and may significantly limit mobility.
VCFs most commonly affect the thoracic and lumbar spine and are often caused by osteoporosis, but can also result from trauma or cancer that weakens the bone.
Common Causes of Vertebral Compression Fractures
Osteoporosis – the leading cause of VCFs, especially in older adults
Trauma – such as falls, car accidents, or heavy lifting injuries
Cancer metastasis – tumors that spread to the bone can weaken vertebrae
Long-term steroid use – increases the risk of bone loss
Spinal infections or multiple myeloma
Symptoms of a Compression Fracture
Sudden onset of sharp, localized back pain
Pain worsened by standing, walking, or bending
Pain relieved by lying down
Loss of height or stooped posture (kyphosis)
Muscle spasms or restricted mobility
In severe cases, nerve compression symptoms like numbness or weakness
Conservative Treatment Options
Activity Modification
Short-term bed rest with gradual return to activity
Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous movement
Medications
NSAIDs or acetaminophen for pain relief
Muscle relaxants for spasms
Calcium and vitamin D supplements for bone health
Bracing
A thoracic-lumbar-sacral orthosis (TLSO) brace can support the spine and reduce motion during healing
Physical Therapy
Gentle exercises to improve strength, posture, and balance
Helps prevent further fractures and supports recovery
Interventional Pain Management Options
For patients with moderate to severe pain or fractures that fail to heal with conservative care, interventional procedures offer fast and effective relief:
Vertebroplasty
A minimally invasive procedure where medical-grade bone cement is injected into the fractured vertebra
Stabilizes the fracture and reduces pain
Kyphoplasty (Balloon Vertebral Augmentation)
Similar to vertebroplasty, but includes insertion of a balloon to restore vertebral height before cement injection
May improve posture and reduce spinal deformity
Spinal Injections
For patients with secondary nerve pain or inflammation, epidural steroid injections may help manage symptoms
Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)
In some cases, RFA may be used for chronic pain after fracture healing, particularly if facet joint arthritis is also present
When to Seek Help
Consult a specialist if you experience:
Sudden, severe back pain after a minor fall or movement
Loss of height or visible curvature of the spine
Pain that interferes with daily activities or mobility
Known osteoporosis or cancer and new back pain
Restore Strength and Mobility After Spinal Fracture
At Parkview Spine & Pain, we offer advanced, minimally invasive treatments for vertebral compression fractures. Our goal is to stabilize your spine, relieve your pain, and get you back to the activities you love—safely and quickly.
👉 Schedule your consultation today to learn if vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty is right for you.